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December 8, 2006 at 10:18 am
okay where shall we start… izzayak? amla eh?
oh yeh that’s masriyy
December 8, 2006 at 1:43 pm
Masiryy, ok, yeah, What’s Amla eh? Sounds like Guji language…
December 8, 2006 at 3:08 pm
you’ll hear it all the time. Amla eh is like what you upto, how you doing kinda thing. If someone says that to you just say alhumdulilaah. Thats the reply to almost anything!
December 8, 2006 at 5:37 pm
Okay, we need some help with this insha Allah.
Joomla(Sentence construction). Joomla has 2 off shoots Ismiyatun & Faeliyatun. Okay?
Ismiyatun has a further 2 off shoots – Khabar & Mubtada!
Faeliyatun has 3 off shoots Faelun, faailun & mafool.
Whats the difference in the construction of ismiyatun & Faeliyatun?
As we know it, mubtada(the subject) has to end with a dammah, and the Khabar(news) has to finish with a damaahtun? Na’am
If someone can explain this in english or give us a call lolz?
Jazak Allahu Khayr
December 8, 2006 at 6:53 pm
The difference between jumlah fi’liyyah and jumlah ismiyyah is that jumlah fi’liyyah begins with a verb and julah ismiyyah begins with a noun.
Jumlah Ismiyyah consists of a Mubtadah(subject of the sentence) and a khabr(the predicate-something which completes the meaning of the sentence) for example Muhammad Mujtahid(muhammad is hardworking). here we can see that Muhammad is the mubtada(subject) of the sentence but it wouldnt be a sentence on its own so we ask ourselves…yeh so what about muhammad? Muhammad mujtahid(muhammad is a hardworker) So mujtahid is the khabr-the new information in the sentence regarding the subject (which in this case is Muhammad). Make sense? By default all words in a jumlah ismiyyah take a dhammah (in the state of raf’-marfoo’) but can be changed by prepositions and other things affecting the sentence.
So to show you the case endings here they would both have dhammatain on the end. Muhammadun mujtahidun.
Jumlah fi’liyyah however begins with a fi’il (verb). For example: Dhahaba Muhammad ilal madrasah (Muhammad went to the school)
Dhahaba is the fi’il (verb), the faa’il is the doer of the verb which here is muhammad and then the maf’ool bihi is the thing which the verb is being done to thus here it is the madrasah.
Hope that clarifies things inshaAllaah.
December 8, 2006 at 6:58 pm
I forgot to say. it would only have one dhammah on the word if it begins with the definite article ال.
December 8, 2006 at 7:40 pm
ayna Mish?
Jazak Allahu Khayran for your post, made it alot clear Alhamdulilah.
December 8, 2006 at 7:51 pm
ayna mish? =where is mish? lol. It’s not a place!
mish in dialect (not fushaa) means “not.” If you go out and about in Egypt some people might realise after a while that you aint egyptian so they’d say “mish masriyy?” (not egyptian) …we got it all the time.
December 9, 2006 at 7:47 am
lol okay. So who are you?
Can you explain the way Khabar is split into three sub cateogies and how each one complements the other?
Jazak Allahu Kher your posts have been most helpful..
December 9, 2006 at 11:47 am
I’m MIsh Masriyy innit.
the way khabr is split into 3 sub catogaries? Khabr isnt split.
Do you mean the way jumlah fi’liyyah is split into 3 ?
December 9, 2006 at 7:41 pm
Khabar – mufrud, jumlatun and khabr (something) jumla? Does that not make sense? Let us know otherwise we ask another question insha Allah..
Well Mish Misriyy we know who you are lolz.
December 9, 2006 at 8:34 pm
That doesnt make sense at all. Khabr is just a predicate….the new information in a jumal ismiyyah(nominal sentence).
mufrad means singular (in nouns and adjectives) and you can also have jama’ (nouns and adjectives too).
Jumlah just means a sentece.
Khabr something jumlah? I don’t know what you mean there.
December 9, 2006 at 8:36 pm
maybe your just repeating something a teacher has said to you which is called the i’raab of a sentence? like he may have had a sentence and said that the khabr here is mufrad(singular and it plays such and such role in a such and such sentence.
December 10, 2006 at 10:00 am
Salaam alaykom.
Yaar, this just looks confusing altogether.
its just mish english
December 10, 2006 at 2:27 pm
Its okay Mishy, we clarified this in class today Alhamdulillah.
Abu H yara i think its best to leave this for when you get here…
December 14, 2006 at 3:06 pm
ماسيري ميش أين أنت؟
December 17, 2006 at 1:19 pm
انا في بيتي. اين انت?
December 17, 2006 at 4:17 pm
Alhamdulillah, ana fee bayti..
Can you please explain the concept of Maadi and Mudaair..
Jazak Allahu Khayran
December 17, 2006 at 11:14 pm
In Arabic we have three verb tenses. Fi’il Maadi (past tense) Fi’il Mudaria’(present tense) and Fi’il Amr(command).
Fi’il Mudaria’ can be used for an incomplete action such as he studies or he is studying( هو تدرس ) which is taking place in the present. It can also be used for a habitual act such as he studies at fajr institute.
(هو تدرس في مركز فجر) thus it is therefore used for two thigns 1. an action which last for over a period of time or takes place repeatedly or 2. progressive (I am studying) and habitual acts (I study)
Do you know all the prefixes for fi’il Mudaria’?
أدرس I Study
تدرس You study (masculine singular)
تدرسين You study (feminine singular)
يدرس he studies
تدرس she studies
Analyse the differences between each. You’ll probably have to learn them off by heart later on inshaAllaah. A side note – there is no future tense in arabic, you just add saa or sawfa to the beginning of a fi’il mudaria’ to signify something is going to happen in the future. eg- سأذهب (I will go)
Fi’il Maadi as I’ve mentioned is the past tense in Arabic. It describes past actions which have been completed. for example درست (darastu) I studied
fi’il maadi is conjugated with suffixes not prefixes.
Examples:
درست I studied (darastu)
درست You studied (masculine singular) (darasta)
درست You studied (feminine singular) (darasti)
درس He studied (darasa)
درست She studied (darasat)
main differences here are the vowelings which I havent actually put on them but u can tell what they are form the transliteration.
Anyways, I hope that helps inshaAllaah. There’s a lot more detail to go into but I’ll save that till another time !
wassalaam
December 18, 2006 at 6:29 am
Asalmwlykum Mish
JazakAllahkher for your in depth response.
The next conundrum is…
How can these three options emerge for the same verb of darasa, relating to he;
huwa darasta
huwa darasahu
Yadrie
We can see the issue of maadi and mudaria from your examples, however that still leaves one option, so where did that come from? Also please clarify the terminology of dama’ir/ dam’eer.
We await with baited breath…
December 18, 2006 at 5:08 pm
walaikum assalaam wa rahmatullaah
So I’m assuming you want examples of how “he” changes in mudaria’ and maadi?
huwa darasa – he studied (not darasta as you’ve put-darasta is for anta darasta-you have studied-masculine singular)
huwa yadrus – he is studying
yadri? thats a completely different verb bro.
—-side note-you have darasahu would be “he has studied it” because darasa is the past tense verb for he studied and the hu on the end is a possessive pronoun or in other words a dameer (damaa’ir is the plural of dameer) for “it” it can be hu or haa depending on whether the noun its agreeing with is masculine or feminine.———–
I’ll give you another example with a different verb. As you should know all verb have a 3 letter root for the example above it was daal raa seen (darasa)
here we’ll use fa ‘ayn laam (fa’ala) meaning to do something. (this root is what is usually used in examples)
huwa fa’ala – he did
huwa yaf’al – he is doing
you do the same with the verb alif kaaf laam (akala) and see what you get.
Okay the third verb form – fi’il amr will need a post of its own so I’ll leave that till I log on next inshaAllaah.
wassalaam
December 19, 2006 at 8:15 pm
A correction in the above post: the hu is an object pronoun not a possessive pronoun.
huwa darasa + huwa
huwa darasahu-he studied it.
December 19, 2006 at 8:20 pm
Jazak Allahu Khayran for the beneficial post.
Akala would be:
huwa akala ( being present Maadi)
huwa yakal (being present Muddair)
Hope thats right, we are still going through this so any different examples or further explanation would be nice.
May Allaah reward you for your time..
December 19, 2006 at 8:22 pm
Sorry that says huwa akala(past maadi)
December 19, 2006 at 8:29 pm
okay now for fi’il amr- this is the imperative or the way to give a command using verbs.
There’s a set way of forming the imperative patterns but I don’t want you to get confused. I’m sure you have loads to learn as it is but in brief here are some examples for you:
udrus (study!)
uktub (write!)
idhab (go!)
iqra’ (read!)
ishrab (drink!)
to say the same to a female you add a yaa on the end
December 19, 2006 at 8:33 pm
yes, thats right except one small mistake. its
huwa yakul (for present mudaria’) it has a dhamma on the kaaf not a fatha like the examples I gave. The middle vowel may differ from verb to verba nd you’ll gradually learn which verbs take which middle vowel over time. Don’t worry too much about that for now. You’ll get used to it inshaAllaah.
December 19, 2006 at 8:35 pm
btw the verb akala اكل means to eat.
December 19, 2006 at 8:39 pm
to drink
huwa shariba
huwa yashrab
to enter
huwa dakhala
huwa yadkhul
to play
huwa la’iba
huwa yal’ab
to read
huwa qara’a
huwa yaqra’
to go
huwa dhahaba
huwa yadhab
December 20, 2006 at 4:04 pm
Barak Allahu Feek that was very helpful… We will post again soon insha Allah
December 27, 2006 at 2:52 pm
Is it possible Mish for you to explain alittle about the numbers in Arabic, like why there would be 2 female numbers and is there any rule to know when to use a female number etc. We know vaguely that 1-9 has a rule, and there are 2 other rules.. :S
Hope that makes sense. Jazak ALlahu Khayran
December 27, 2006 at 3:39 pm
Numbers with Nouns
1- noun alone (kitaab = one book)
OR
the noun agrees in gender with the number -
eg: Kitaab waahid (both masculine)
Lughah waahidah ( both feminine)
————–
2- Singular noun + alif and noon
eg. kitaabaan
lughataan
OR
Singular noun + alif and noon + number
Noun and number agree in gender
eg: kitaabaan ithnaan
lughataan ithnaan
—————-
3-10 – Noun is indefinate and plural
eg: thalaathat kutub
thalaath lughaat
—————
11-19 – Noun is indefinate and singular
gender-vice versa
eg: thalaathah ‘ashar kitaab
thalaath asharah lughah
11+12 agree in gender (complicated so I won’t go into detail with these)
20-99 – vice versa
noun is indefinite and singular
eg: thalaathah wa ishroon kitaab
thalaath wa ‘ishroon lughah
21, 22, 31 and 32 agree in gender
eg: ahad wa ‘ishroon kitaab
ihda wa ’shroon lughah.
Any questions on the above feel free to ask inshaAllaah.
December 28, 2006 at 7:55 am
Okay just gonna digest that a little insha Allah. Shukran
January 1, 2007 at 12:48 pm
Salam Mishy,
We have a few questions insha Allaah min Fadlik
1. Is there a rule at getting the mastar of a verb? or is it something you just need to learn?
2. In a sentence can you have 2 verbs right next to each other?
For example to say i want to visit the UK. Would mean using the verbs Ureed and Ziraa…
Jazak Allahu Khayr
January 1, 2007 at 3:15 pm
walaikum salaamwa rahmatullaah
1. no rule. you just have to learn them.
2. 2 normal verbs can’t occur next to each other. I want to visit the UK.: Ureed an azoor ingaltera/britaania. the an would seperate the two verbs. alif and noon.
more examples:
ureed an atakalam ma’ak. (i want to speak with you)
uhib an akul khubz (I like to eat bread)
(there are exceptions with kaana wa akhwaatuhaa but its too much at this stage to go into them)
January 1, 2007 at 9:13 pm
Asalamualaykum Tas
Wow… You guys already looking at jumlah fi’liyyah and ismiyya, present tense, fa’il and fi’l etc.. at this stage? When I was a month into my course all I knew was Haza Masjidun Wa Zalika Baitun…. lol
January 2, 2007 at 3:44 pm
Asalamu Alaikum
Another question: When would you use the Mastar? Any examples would be great..
Jazak Allahu Khayr
LoL@Gulu, Yara things move fast here this is why we have constant headaches .. Keep making dua for us and come join us then we can both do Jumlah : )
Abu Ubaydah
January 2, 2007 at 5:14 pm
walaikum salaamwa rahmatullaah
The Masdar is what we call in English the verbal noun. It’s used as an infinitive much like in english we use “going” and “obtaining”. it can also be used to express abstract for example qabla assafr ilal qaahirah. before “travelling” to cairo.
It’s almost always definite or the first word in an idaafah.
examples: verb verbal noun
الذهاب يذهب
الحفظ يحفظ
المعرفة يعرف
If you can’t see the arabic properly paste it into word and make it bigger.
hope that helps inshaAllaah
wassalaam
January 23, 2007 at 9:38 pm
Asalamu Alaikum
Can you please explain aladhi and alati etc, any special rules etc?
We are on next level now, so getting abit advanced Alhamdulillah.
Jazak Allahu Khayran
January 24, 2007 at 7:05 pm
Walaikum salaamwa rahmatullaah
These are called al-ism al-mawsool
they are used to modify a definite noun and intricude the modifying sentence (similar to the english word “which” “who” or “that” ). These relative pronouns must agree in gender with the noun they modify.
examples
محمد هو الرجل الذي أتكلم معه عن كل شيء
Muhammad is the man WHO I speak with about everything
أعرف البنت التي تجلس هناك
I know the girl WHO is say there
hope that makes it make sense inshaAllaah
wassalaam
January 25, 2007 at 8:46 am
Jazak Allahu Khayran for that, is it possible to have more examples with the different al ism al mawsool?
January 27, 2007 at 1:31 am
- Man (من) is used for the ‘Aaqil (العاقل) being and would mean “who/whom”?
- Maa (ما) is used for the non-Aaqil (غير العاقل) being and gives the meaning of “which/what”?
Some more examples of al-Ismul Mawsool…
من جاء؟
ما كان في السينما؟
ركبت مع من أعرف
راجعت ما درسناه اليوم
نَجَحَ الْوَلَدُ الَّذِيْ اجْتَهَد
اَلَّذِيْنَ اجْتَهَدُوْا نَجَحُوْا
اَللهُ يَعْلَمُ مَنْ يَعْبُدُوْهُ
February 3, 2007 at 4:46 pm
Asalamwalaykum Ikhwan
Kayfalhaluqum, Mish Misry and ‘A Brother’?
I have a question, can someone explain ‘Mafool Bihi’?
I am really struggling, with this. Let me know.
February 4, 2007 at 1:15 am
wa’alaykumus salaam wa rahmatullaah,
“al-Maf’ool bihi” refers to the object of a verb (i.e. the object upon which the subject (faa’il) has acted upon). (A key point to remember is that transitive (al-muta’addi) verbs need objects to give them a full meaning).
If you said, “I saw…” your speech would only be uncomplete until you mentioned an answer to the obvious question, “What did you see?” So e.g. you would say رأيتُ الرجلَ – “I saw the man” (“the man” is the Maf’ool bihi in this case – i.e. the object of your seeing).
Similarly, “I ate…” – أكلتُ الطعامَ – I ate the food, (at-Ta’aam is the maf’ool bihi).
More examples (in all three cases, the last word is the MB):
دخل سعيد البيتَ – (Sa’eed entered the house)
كتبت آمنة رسالةً – (Aaminah wrote a letter)
دعا أبي الموظفِيْنَ – (My father called the employees)
Something to bear in mind is that the Maf’ool bihi will usually come in a sentence after the Fi’l e.g. شكر عباسٌ جميلاً (Abbaas thanked Jameel) but it’s also possible that it can come before the fi’l: شكر جميلاً عباسٌ (Abbaas thanked Jameel). The meaning is the same and is indicated in the i’raab.
(There’s particular harakaat used to indicate the maf’ool bihi depending on the word e.g. if it’s masculine/feminine singular or sound/broken plural… let me know if you want me to add some details on that).
February 4, 2007 at 12:32 pm
Sorry, the second paragraph should read…
If you said, “I saw…” your speech would remain incomplete until you mentioned the object of your seeing. So for example, you would say رأيتُ الرجلَ – “I saw the man” (”the man” is the Maf’ool bihi in this case – i.e. the object of your seeing).
February 4, 2007 at 7:51 pm
BarakAllah Fiq Brother
Taqabal Allah
February 20, 2007 at 8:19 am
Asalamwalaykum
Its been some time since we heard from you, so we thought we would have a question to jogg our memories. So who can best describe, Mudaaf Elay?
We have a new flat mate and are trying to work together and come up with concise definitions for key principles and are thus now inviting you into the scheme.
We await you….
February 20, 2007 at 3:23 pm
AssalaamoAlaikum
Haven’t heard from you in a long time. Thought you must have got it all sussed now mashaAllaah! Hope you’re working hard.
The Idaafah construction consists of two or more nouns strung together to form a relationship of possession or belonging.
It consists of two things as you know the mudaaf and the mudaaf ilayhi.
Example:
kitaabu muhammadin
the mudaaf is the thing which is being possessed which is kitaab here.
the mudaaf ilayhi is the possessor of the mudaaf which is muhammad.
more examples:
jaami’at sadeeqiy – the university of my friend
maktab alustaadh – the office of the teacher
wilayat california – the state of california
3 things to remember:
1-the relationship between the two (or more) nouns may be thought of as equal to the english construction “of”
2-only the final word in an idaafah can take al or a possessive suffix. the first word is definite by definition only.
Side note – look at the examples above and notice the three different ways the mudaaf ilayhi is definate. possessive suffix,al and a proper noun.
3. in an idaafah the taa marbuta must always be prunounced. example jami’at alqaahirah not jam’iah alqahirah.
Hope that helps inshaAllaah.
Good revision for myself too.
jazakumAllaah khayr.
Wassalaam
February 21, 2007 at 7:29 pm
Wasalam
No, not quite got it sussed, far from it actually. But Alhamdulillaah progressing is being made. We try to work hard lolz.
Jazak Allahu Khayr for that, makes it alot clear. Insha Allaah will post another question soon..
Fee Amanillaahi
April 25, 2007 at 7:47 pm
Asalamu Alaikum People
Long time i know, but a quick question. Can someone please explain Ism Mafool and its use with some examples in the basic of basic terminologies.
Jazak Allahu Khayran
April 26, 2007 at 3:41 pm
wa’alaikum salaamwa rahmatullaah
The Ism faa’il is the doer – thus the active participle in the sentence and the maf’ool is the thing been done to therefore the passive participle in the sentence.
Ism faa’il and Ism Maf’ool function as both nouns and adjectives. Paticiples follow all of the agreement rules for adjectives and almost always take regular human plurals. (oon/een and aat)
Examples:
مَكتُوب – something that has been written. hadhihil jumlah maktoobah bil arabiyyah.
مَصنُوع – something that has been made. hadhihis sayaarah masnoo’ah fi korea.
مُشتَرَك – something that is joint/shared – hadhihi ‘aadaat mushtarikah.
If you’re aware of the verb form chart in sarf which is usually used in the west to learn arabic then heres a construction table of ibn mafools and ism faails with various forms as the pattern changes according to the form being used.
المفعول اسم الفاعل اسم
مَفعُول فَاعِل 1
مُفَعَّل مُفَعِّل 2
مُفَاعَل مُفَاعِل 3
مُفعَل مُفعِل 4
مُتَفَعَّل مُتَفَعِّل 5
مُتَفَاعَل مُتَفَاعِل 6
مُنفَعَل مُنفَعِل 7
مُفتَعَل مُفتَعِل 8
مُستَفعَل مُستَفعِل 10
hope that helps inshaAllaah.
wassalaam
April 26, 2007 at 7:43 pm
Jazak Allahu Khayran for your help…
Ill mull over it Insha Allaah.
Fee Amaanillaahi